Contract

Overview

The smart contract system consists of three main components that work together to provide liquid staking functionality:

1. StakeManager: The core contract that manages staking operations and validator management
2. StakePool: The intermediary contract that handles fund management and cross-chain operations
3. LsdToken: The liquid staking derivative token contract

StakeManager

The StakeManager contract is the central component that oversees all staking operations. It implements several key features:

Key Features

• Manages validator sets and their operations
• Handles staking rate calculations and updates
• Distributes staking rewards and protocol fees
• Manages era-based operations and updates
• Controls stake pool operations

Core Functions

• stake(): Allows users to stake tokens and receive LSD tokens in return
• unstake(): Enables users to unstake their LSD tokens
• withdraw(): Allows users to withdraw their unstaked tokens
• newEra(): Updates the staking era and calculates new rates
• addValidator()/rmValidator(): Manages validator sets
• startRedelegate(): Handles validator redelegation

Security Features

• Implements upgradeable proxy pattern (UUPS)
• Uses role-based access control
• Includes rate limiting and validation checks
• Implements emergency functions for critical situations

StakePool

The StakePool contract acts as an intermediary between stakers and the staking program, handling:

Key Features

• Manages cross-chain operations
• Handles delegation and undelegation of tokens
• Tracks pending operations and balances
• Implements settlement and redelegation processes

Core Functions

• delegate(): Delegates tokens to validators
• undelegate(): Undelegates tokens from validators
• startSettle(): Initiates settlement process
• startRedelegate(): Handles redelegation between validators
• withdrawForStaker(): Processes withdrawals for stakers

Cross-Chain Operations

• settle(): Initiates the settlement process, moving through different states (Start, BridgedToL1, CDeposited, Delegated, Undelegated, Withdrawn, End)
• sendDeposit(): Sends deposited tokens to the L1 chain
• sendDelegate(): Sends delegation instructions to validators on L1
• sendWithdraw(): Initiates withdrawal process from L1
• endSettle(): Completes the settlement process after all operations are done
• sendL1ToEvm(): Bridges tokens from L1 back to EVM chain

State Management

• Tracks total pending delegations and undelegations
• Manages settlement and redelegation statuses
• Maintains spot balance and delegation information
• Handles cross-chain bridge operations

LsdToken

The LsdToken contract represents the liquid staking derivative token with the following features:

Key Features

• Implements ERC20 standard with burnable functionality
• Tracks staked positions and rewards
• Provides rate information for staking operations
• Manages token minting and burning

Core Functions

• mint(): Creates new LSD tokens (restricted to minter which is StakeManager)
• burn(): Burns LSD tokens
• getRate(): Provides current staking rate
• updateMinter(): Updates the minter address

Integration

• Integrates with StakeManager for rate information
• Provides rate information to external protocols
• Maintains token supply and balance tracking

Contract Interactions

The contracts work together in the following way:

1. Users interact with StakeManager to stake/unstake tokens
2. StakeManager coordinates with StakePool for delegation operations
3. StakePool handles cross-chain operations and validator interactions
4. LsdToken represents the staked position and can be used in DeFi applications
5. Era-based updates ensure proper rate calculations and reward distribution

Security Considerations

• All contracts implement upgradeable patterns for future improvements
• Strict access control is enforced through modifiers
• Critical operations have validation checks and error handling
• Cross-chain operations include safety checks and status tracking
• Emergency functions are available for critical situations